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Cause of Acne
The true cause of acne is often unknown. Androgens (hormones) can trigger acne in those predisposed. Plugging of hair follicles by a protein known as keratin causes the formation of so-called whiteheads and blackheads, which form when the plugged sebaceous glands within the hair follicles continue to secret sebum (an oily secretion). Sebum and skin cells cannot exit, thus accumulating in mass, causing the follicle to swell. If the swelling continues, it may rupture, allowing the surface bacteria (normally found on the skin) to enter and cause local infections or pimples. The pimples may then enlarge and form cysts. Irritation by inflammatory fatty acids within the plugged follicles, and an overgrowth of the bacteria Proprionibacterium together contribute to the process of acne formation. Other causes that may trigger acne include: irritating creams and oils; topical steroid creams; corticosteroid medication taken orally; puberty, certain drugs (e.g., Dilantin, Lithium, birth control pills, steroids), humid/hot weather, supplements (e.g., DHEA), and constant skin friction (e.g., use of motorcycle helmets, telephones) are some of the common risk factors.